Web Accessibility (a11y)

Web accessibility (often written a11y) means building websites that everyone can use, including people who are blind, have low vision, are deaf, have limited movement or cognitive disabilities. It also helps people on slow connections, small screens or in bright sunlight.

Good practice includes semantic HTML (real buttons, headings and labels), alt text for images, enough colour contrast, full keyboard navigation, visible focus, captions for video and ARIA attributes where HTML alone is not enough. WCAG (Web Content Accessibility Guidelines) is the standard used to measure accessibility, at levels A, AA and AAA.