URL (Uniform Resource Locator)

A URL (Uniform Resource Locator) is the address of a resource on the web, such as a page, image or API endpoint. It tells the browser which protocol to use, which server to contact and which resource to request.

A URL has several parts: the scheme (https), the host or domain name (www.example.com), an optional port, the path (/products/shoes), an optional query string (?size=9&colour=red) and an optional fragment (#reviews) that points to a part of the page. Special characters in URLs are percent-encoded.

https://www.example.com:443/products/shoes?size=9&colour=red#reviews
scheme   host            port path           query                fragment