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Computer Basics

Power Supply Unit (PSU / SMPS)

A power supply unit (PSU), also called an SMPS (Switched-Mode Power Supply) in India, converts the alternating current (AC) from a wall socket into the low-voltage direct current (DC) that a computer's components need, mainly +12 V, +5 V and +3.3 V.

A PSU is rated in watts, which should comfortably cover the CPU, graphics card and drives. Efficiency ratings such as 80 PLUS Bronze, Gold and Platinum show how little power is wasted as heat. Laptops use an external adapter (charger) instead of an internal PSU.

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